Vector files can require more skill and time to create. For instance, photographs require color shading and blending that vector files cannot provide as well as raster files. Vector files are limited in dealing with complex images. The ability to scale vector graphics up or down means they have a precise look and feel. It is also easy to create clones of a vector image and copy certain features of one graphic to another. Because file sizes are smaller, it is easy to port and load vector files to different devices and programs. This is useful in an iterative process, like graphic design, that requires a lot of editing. Vector files are easy to edit because users can change vector relationships fast to swap out colors or change line shapes, for example. Those relationships are expressed in code, which is less memory-intensive compared to storing pixels. Vector graphics generally have a small file size because they only store a small number of points and the mathematical relationships between them. Because vector graphics are derived from mathematical vector relationships, or relationships between points that create lines and curves, they appear clean and exact at any size. As previously mentioned, this is the main advantage of vector graphics. It is important to consider both the benefits and drawbacks of using vector files. Advantages and disadvantages of vector graphics This makes raster file formats good for editing digital photographs.Ĭertain file types can include vector and raster elements - PDF and SVG files are two examples. And there are more pixels that can be unique colors than vectors that can be unique colors. Raster files are particularly good for portraying color depth, as each pixel can be a different color. Adobe Illustrator and Adobe Photoshop are examples of software that enable users to convert one image format to the other. Vector and raster images can be converted into one another with the right software. Vector image files are easier to modify than raster image files for this reason. Consequently, vector files are usually smaller than raster files. Computers must store information for every pixel of a raster image, whereas vector images only store the series of points that need to be connected by lines, curves, etc. There is also a one-to-one relationship between each pixel and the memory raster graphics occupies on a computer. At larger sizes, the edges of raster images become ragged and the images pixilate. This is because vector graphics must have a separate shape for each color shade, while raster images can have every pixel be a different color, showing subtle color gradations and depth more clearly. Vector and raster images can look different. Raster graphics cannot be scaled up without sacrificing image quality. At a certain point, when the raster image is enlarged enough, the edges become ragged, and it appears pixelated - i.e., when the pixels become visible. Raster graphics are made up of a fixed number of pixels, which makes them less scalable than vector graphics. CAD programs frequently use vector files for manufacturing, engineering and design because of their scalability and ease when it comes to editing the mathematical formulas.Ī raster graphics image maps bits directly to a display space, also called a bitmap. Animated images are also usually created as vector files, which provide for cleaner and smoother images. For instance, Amazon WorkLink is a mobile app that enables a fully interactive representation of corporate data on an employee's mobile device. Vector graphics are useful in application and web development because web apps and the graphics they contain must work with various screen sizes and device types. World Wide Web Consortium worked on Vector Markup Language, which evolved into the Scalable Vector Graphics open source language that contains vector and raster elements. Vector graphics were originally used in computer displays in the 1960s and 1970s. It was the scalability feature of vector graphics that resulted in its return, after falling out of favor to raster graphics in the 1980s. A logo created with vector graphics can be scaled up or down without loss of quality or creating a large file. For example, company and brand logos are displayed at different sizes they show up in the corner of a mobile application or on a roadside billboard. Vector formats are good for projects that require scalable graphics, including scalable type and text. Graphic artists, illustrators and designers use vector graphics for a variety of reasons, including the following:
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